Canada
Coverage plannedAlso: PIPEDA, Quebec, Law 25, OPC
VERIFIED 2026-09-24 · REVIEW BY 2026-12-24
Which law applies depends on the province. PIPEDA governs federally, but Alberta, British Columbia and Quebec have private-sector laws the federal government has declared substantially similar, so their law applies to activity within those provinces instead; Ontario, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia have health-sector laws declared substantially similar. PIPEDA is also mid-replacement: Bill C-36, the Protecting Privacy and Consumer Data Act, had first reading on 15 June 2026 and is at second reading.
Instruments
No instrument recorded for Canada yet.
Regulator
Exercisable rights
Access and correction under federal law, with complaints to the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
Through each lens
End user / data subject
What can I actually do about this today, and what does it cost me.
No end user / data subject analysis for Canada yet.
Business
What does this obligate us to build, and by when.
No business analysis for Canada yet.
Government
Government is one lens carrying two sub-lenses, each with judicial reviewability analysis.
No government analysis for Canada yet.
Policymaker
What did the drafters intend, and what did the text achieve.
No policymaker analysis for Canada yet.
Regulator / enforcer
What can this authority make stick on appeal.
No regulator / enforcer analysis for Canada yet.
Certifying body
What is the scope of what we are attesting to.
No certifying body analysis for Canada yet.
Front-line staff
What do I do when this lands on my desk.
No front-line staff analysis for Canada yet.
Human rights / privacy advocate
Who does this regime fail, and can that be shown.
No human rights / privacy advocate analysis for Canada yet.
Legal effects
No legal effect of any certification is recorded for Canada yet.
Sources
- Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, Sch. 1 cl. 4.9; s. 11(1); data mobility amendments (2026, c. 3, ss. 389-391) not in force · retrieved 2026-09-17 · https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/P-8.6/FullText.html
- Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, provincial laws deemed substantially similar to PIPEDA, Alberta PIPA, British Columbia PIPA and Quebec P-39.1; health laws in ON, NB, NL and NS · retrieved 2026-09-24 · https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/privacy-topics/privacy-laws-in-canada/02_05_d_15/
- LEGISinfo, Bill C-36, An Act to enact the Protecting Privacy and Consumer Data Act, first reading 15 June 2026; at second reading in the House of Commons · retrieved 2026-09-24 · https://www.parl.ca/legisinfo/en/bill/45-1/c-36